H

Participatory Rural Appraisal In Agriculturel And Animal Husbandry: A Training Manual

Participatory Rural Appraisal

Frontiers in Participatory Rural Appraisal and Participatory Learning and Action

Community participation or people's participation in the process of development has entered into the development lexicon permanently. New methods, tools, and approaches (variously called Participatory Learning and Action, Participatory Rural Appraisal or its earlier incarnation Rapid Rural Appraisal) to enlist people's participation has been invented, improvised and developed by development practitioners all over the world. This book is a unique exercise in exploration and synthesis, demonstrating and documenting the experiments which have revealed that the participatory tools, methods and approaches can be very efficiently used in several fields of human exploration. Each chapter, dealing with these issues, describes both the process followed in the application of participatory tools and methods in the respective field and the synthesis of the theory of participation with practice as well. This book will be an invaluable guide to practitioners, researchers, academics and students of development economics and poverty planning.

Participatory Rural Appraisal for Watershed Management

Participatory research and on-farm management of agricultural biodiversity in Europe

Participatory Rural Development in Pakistan

The stories of nine rural support programs (RSPs) related in this book focus on their partnership--which started in a small way in late 1982--with rural communities in Pakistan through participatory organizations of ordinary men and women. In each case, the emphasis is on change and outcomes. The nine RSPs work in partnership with rural communities in 93 districts in the four provinces of Pakistan, Northern Areas, and Azad Jammu & Kashmir. They have helped organise nearly 1.67 million rural households into 100,700 participatory organizations of men and women with 1.90 million members. The RSPs have used these organizations to deliver a variety of inputs and services, build physical infrastructure, enhance skills, transfer technologies, and link them with other service providers, especially governments. Much as these investments and activities are appreciated, and some of their good effects well demonstrated, perhaps a far more important contribution of community organizations has been to enable ordinary people to participate in making decisions that affect their well-being and claim resources and services from outsiders, particularly the public sector agencies. This has been of particular importance to the poor and women who are often the most disadvantaged groups. Getting together, speaking out, participating in making decisions, doing new things, going out, and working with outsiders are demonstrably necessary for confidence and empowerment. The experience of rural support programs has convinced governments and international donor community that community organizations should be part of the mainstream in the effort to reduce poverty.

Participatory Rural Appraisal, Abstracts of Sources

Participatory Organisations of the Rural Poor

Participatory rural appraisal

Theoretical Approaches to Participatory Communication

This text identifies and explores the relevance of development communication theory. The chapters address community participation, communication and culture from specific contemporary perspectives, and raise for discussion a number of associated methodological and metatheoretical issues.

Participatory Development Communication

Participatory Development Communication: A West African agenda

Participatory Pathways

Contributed articles, some of which have been previously presented in a seminar and in two journals.

Tools to Support Participatory Urban Decision Making

Participatory Action Research Approaches and Methods

Participatory Action Research (PAR) approaches and methods have seen an explosion of recent interest in the social and environmental sciences. PAR involves collaborative research, education and action which is oriented towards social change, representing a major epistemological challenge to mainstream research traditions. It has recently been the subject of heated critique and debate and rapid theoretical and methodological development. This book captures these developments, exploring the justification, theorisation, practice and implications of PAR. It offers a critical introduction to understanding and working with PAR in different social, spatial and institutional contexts. The authors engage with PAR’s radical potential, while maintaining a critical awareness of its challenges and dangers. The book is divided into three parts. The first part explores the intellectual, ethical and pragmatic contexts of PAR; the development and diversity of approaches to PAR; recent poststructuralist perspectives on PAR as a form of power; the ethic of participation; and issues of safety and well-being. Part two is a critical exploration of the politics, places and practices of PAR. Contributors draw on diverse research experiences with differently situated groups and issues including environmentally sustainable practices, family livelihoods, sexual health, gendered experiences of employment, and specific communities such as people with disabilities, migrant groups, and young people. The principles, dilemmas and strategies associated with participatory approaches and methods including diagramming, cartographies, art, theatre, photovoice, video and geographical information systems are also discussed. Part three reflects on how effective PAR is, including the analysis of its products and processes, participatory learning, representation and dissemination, institutional benefits and challenges, and working between research, action, activism and change. The authors find that a spatial perspective and an attention to scale offer helpful means of negotiating the potentials and paradoxes of PAR. This approach responds to critiques of PAR by highlighting how the spatial politics of practising participation can be mobilised to create more effective and just research processes and outcomes. The book adds significant weight to the recent critical reappraisal of PAR, suggesting why, when, where and how we might take forward PAR’s commitment to enabling collaborative social transformation. It will be particularly useful to researchers and students of Human Geography, Development Studies and Sociology.

Participatory Approaches to the Conservation and Use of Plant Genetic Resources

Participatory Composition

Like. Share. Comment. Subscribe. Embed. Upload. Check in. The commands of the modern online world relentlessly prompt participation and encourage collaboration, connecting people in ways not possible even five years ago. This connectedness no doubt influences college writing courses in both form and content, creating possibilities for investigating new forms of writing and student participation. In this innovative volume, Sarah J. Arroyo argues for a “participatory composition,” inspired by the culture of online video sharing and framed by theorist Gregory Ulmer’s concept of electracy. Electracy, according to Ulmer, “is to digital media what literacy is to alphabetic writing.” Although electracy can be compared to digital literacy, it is not something shut on and off with the power buttons on computers or mobile devices. Rather, electracy encompasses the cultural, institutional, pedagogical, and ideological implications inherent in the transition from a culture of print literacy to a culture saturated with electronic media, regardless of the presence of actual machines. Arroyo explores the apparatus of electracy in many of its manifestations while focusing on the participatory practices found in online video culture, particularly on YouTube. Chapters are devoted to questions of subjectivity, definition, authorship, and pedagogy. Utilizing theory and incorporating practical examples from YouTube, classrooms, and other social sites, Arroyo presents accessible and practical approaches for writing instruction. Additionally, she outlines the concept of participatory composition by highlighting how it manifests in online video culture, offers student examples of engagement with the concept, and advocates participatory approaches throughout the book. Arroyo presents accessible and practical possibilities for teaching and learning that will benefit scholars of rhetoric and composition, media studies, and anyone interested in the cultural and instructional implications of the digital age.

Participatory Budgeting

This book provides rigorous and provocative understanding of the art and practice of participatory budgeting for those interested in strengthening inclusive and accountable governance.

Working with Rural Communities Participatory Action Research in Kenya

This book addresses itself to mobilisation and involvement of rural people in development projects. It describes an imperfect but, nonetheless, exciting and thought-provoking exercise that drew social science researchers and students from four public universities in Kenya into an experiment in participatory research, community education and development in two locations. The experiment was grounded on the assumptions that the people of Kenya are a primary resource and that given proper roles and contribution of planners, researchers and programme implementers, self-sustainable development can become a reality. The contributors of this book have focused on the potential of the university to facilitate participation of the people in development. They have given specific suggestions on how this might be accomplished.

Participatory Learning and Action

Local Participatory Governance and Representative Democracy

Over the past few decades and throughout the world, numerous government-initiated experiments and attempts at directly engaging and including citizens have emerged as remedies for a variety of problems faced by modern democracies, including political disaffection and insufficient capacity to deal with the complexity inherent in many contemporary public problems, such as climate change and segregation. In practice, these attempts are given many names, such as citizen panels, deliberative fora, collaborative dialogues, etc. In the academic literature as well, the phenomenon falls under many different headings, for instance collaborative, deliberative or interactive governance. Participatory Governance and Representative Democracy refers to this empirical phenomenon as local participatory governance, that is, government-sponsored direct participation between invited citizens and local officials in concrete arrangements and concerning problems that affect them. Participatory governance, we argue, may take many forms, regarding (1) type of interaction and type of communication between participants within the specific participatory arrangement (e.g., deliberative vs. aggregative) as well as regarding (2) the relation and connection between the specific arrangement and the more traditional representative structures (e.g., compatible, incompatible, transformative or irrelevant). The proposed edited volume addresses the matter of institutionalization, highlighting the difficulties associated with establishing stability and a shared understanding of the roles and rules among citizens, local politicians and administrators in participatory arrangements.